In 1991 the first known human with Lyme disease was discovered in a melting glacier in the Italian region of the Ötztal Alps by a pair of German hikers. Dubbed Ötzi, he is a 5,300 year old Tyrolean iceman from the Copper Age. In 2010 an international team of scientists conducted extensive research on his remains. By extracting DNA from a fragment of his hipbone, they identified traces of the bacterium that causes Lyme disease— which was first identified in 1975, but though